Arabic-language reference guide to company formation in Egypt under Companies Law No. 159 of 1981 and Investment Law No. 72 of 2017, through GAFI. General legal information, not legal advice; verify with Egyptian counsel or GAFI.
Egypt allows 100% foreign ownership in most sectors, with exceptions (commercial agency must be wholly Egyptian; importation for resale historically required majority Egyptian, eased by Law 173/2023; Sinai land restrictions). The LLC has a nominal minimum (≈EGP 1,000); a JSC requires EGP 250,000 (EGP 500,000 if public). Registration runs through GAFI's one-stop-shop, often within 1–2 days for a complete file.
